6/y boy with muscle weakness and a history of dermatomyositis disease

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Doctor's Information

Name : Mehrzad
Family : Mehdizadeh
Affiliation :Radiology departement of Children's Medical Center
Academic Degree : Associate professor
Email : This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Resident : Reza Hanifehpour

Case Section

Pediatric Radiology

Patient's Information

Gender : Male
Age : 6

Clinical Summary

6/y boy with muscle weakness and a history of dermatomyositis disease

Imaging Findings

Extensive soft tissue calcifications is evident that according to patient history is suggestive of calcinosis universalis.

Differential Diagnosis

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Final Diagnosis

calcinosis universalis

Discussion (Related Text)

Deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals of calcium phosphate within cutaneous tissues is a pathologic condition known under the general term calcinosis cutis. Most forms of this disorder fall into one of three categories-dystrophic, metastatic, or idiopathic-depending on the underlying disease process. Dystrophic calcinosis cutis occurs in previously damaged tissue without an associated metabolic disturbance of the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio. Localized forms occur in inflammatory and traumatic lesions, including acne, ulcers, and foreign body granulomas and after heelsticks for blood drawing in neonates. Neoplastic conditions, including epidermal cysts, lipomas, and pilomatrixomas (benign tumors of hair matrix cell origin), are known to cause localized dystrophic calcification. More widespread dystrophic cutaneous calcification (calcinosis universalis) may be seen in dermatomyositis, scleroderma, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Metastatic calcinosis cutis occurs in undamaged tissue in conditions with an abnormality of calcium and/or phosphorus metabolism. Examples include chronic renal failure, milk alkali syndrome, vitamin D intoxication, parathyroid neoplasms, and sarcoidosis. Idiopathic calcinosis cutis occurs without a metabolic abnormality or regional soft tissue defect. Usually, these are localized tiny nodules in the skin found on the face or ears of neonate and small children. Idiopathic calcinosis of the skin of the scrotum or labia may also occur.

References

Thomas L. Slovis, MD CAFFEY'S PEDIATIC DIACNOSTIC IMAGING , ELEVENTH EDITION.P2494